What Is Cashmere?

Cashmere is one of the most luxurious and sought-after natural fibers in the world, prized for its softness, warmth, and lightweight feel. It comes from the undercoat of cashmere goats, which are primarily found in cold, high-altitude regions. Compared to regular wool, cashmere is finer, softer, and provides superior insulation without being bulky.

The story of cashmere begins centuries ago in the Kashmir region of India, from which the fabric gets its name. Local artisans in the 15th century began weaving the fine wool into exquisite shawls, which became highly sought-after luxury items. These shawls caught the attention of European elites in the 18th and 19th centuries, thanks to trade routes and colonial influences, sparking a global fascination with the material.

Today, Mongolia and China dominate the cashmere market, producing over 90% of the world’s supply. Mongolian cashmere, in particular, is prized for its long, fine fibers, a result of the region’s frigid winters and the goats’ adaptation to their environment. The traditional methods of hand-combing the goats and spinning the fibers have been preserved in many areas, adding to cashmere’s artisanal allure.

The quality of cashmere depends largely on the region, climate, and breeding of the goats. The finest cashmere fibers are typically sourced from:

1. Mongolia – One of the top cashmere-producing regions, Mongolia provides some of the highest-quality fibers due to its extreme cold climate, which encourages goats to grow dense, fine undercoats.

2. China (Inner Mongolia) – The largest producer of cashmere globally. Chinese cashmere is known for being exceptionally fine, though production quality varies widely depending on the brand.

3. Nepal – Renowned for its traditional hand-weaving techniques, Nepalese cashmere is often used in luxury shawls and scarves.

4. Iran & Afghanistan – Producing a coarser yet durable form of cashmere, these regions are gaining attention in the high-end market.

5. Scotland & Italy – While these countries don’t produce raw cashmere, they are famous for their high-end processing and finishing techniques, creating some of the softest and most refined cashmere products available.

Why Is Cashmere So Expensive?

Several factors contribute to the high price of cashmere:

• Rarity – Each cashmere goat produces only 150-200 grams of usable fiber per year, meaning it takes four to six goats to make just one sweater.

• Processing & Sorting – The finest cashmere fibers (14-16 microns) must be carefully hand-sorted to remove coarser hairs.

• Durability & Craftsmanship – High-quality cashmere lasts decades if cared for properly, making it a long-term investment rather than a seasonal purchase.

• Ethical & Sustainable Practices – Leading brands ensure that cashmere production is ethical, avoiding overgrazing and maintaining fair-trade practices.

Luxury Cashmere Brands to Know

If you’re looking for the best cashmere, consider these high-end brands:

1. Loro Piana – Considered the gold standard in cashmere, Loro Piana sources the world’s finest fibers and uses Italian craftsmanship for ultimate softness and durability. Acquired by LVMH in 2013, it remains one of the most prestigious luxury brands.

2. Brunello Cucinelli – Known for its handcrafted Italian cashmere, blending traditional techniques with modern elegance.

3. The Elder Statesman – A Los Angeles-based brand offering luxury cashmere with a laid-back, contemporary aesthetic.

4. Pringle of Scotland – One of the oldest names in cashmere, famous for its heritage craftsmanship and classic knitwear.

5. Johnstons of Elgin – A Scottish brand known for producing luxury cashmere textiles for brands like Hermès and Burberry.

6. Khaite & The Row – Modern luxury brands incorporating premium cashmere into their minimalistic, high-fashion designs.

Is Cashmere Worth the Investment?

Absolutely—if you choose wisely. A well-made cashmere piece is more than just a purchase; it’s an investment in comfort, style, and longevity. Unlike fast-fashion alternatives that wear out after a season, a high-quality cashmere sweater or scarf can become a wardrobe staple for years. Plus, its versatility allows it to elevate both casual and formal looks with ease.

To ensure you’re getting your money’s worth, look for:

• 100% cashmere (avoid blends unless intentional).

• Two-ply or higher yarn for durability.

• Reputable brands or certifications that guarantee ethical sourcing and quality.

Cashmere is an investment in quality, warmth, and timeless luxury. While the price may be high, a well-made cashmere sweater or scarf can last for years with proper care. Whether you’re buying from heritage brands like Loro Piana or exploring new luxury labels, cashmere remains the ultimate symbol of understated elegance and superior craftsmanship.